Determination of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with coronavirus infection
AbstractCOVID-19, caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus, poses major challenges for global public health. The detection of antibodies in blood serum is one of the important methods for diagnostics of COVID-19 patients.
The main aim was to study the dynamics of the appearance of neutralizing antibodies and antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 proteins in COVID-19 patients sera.
Material and methods. The blood sera of four groups of people were studied: “intact” donors (blood sera were collected in 2016–2019); patients with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of acute respiratory viral infection; patients with influenza (antibodies to the influenza virus have been identified) and patients with a PCR confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19. Blood sera were analyzed in ELISA with commercial kits for detection of IgG to SARS-CoV-2 (N, S) proteins and total antibodies to RBD of protein S and in neutralization test (NT).
Results and discussion. Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were not detected in paired blood sera of people from groups 1–3 by ELISA and NT. At the time of hospitalization of patients with COVID-19 in the sera of 12 (19%) patients antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were absent when they were determined by NT and ELISA. In blood sera taken 4–9 days after hospitalization, neutralizing antibodies and antibodies to at least one viral protein were detected in ELISA.
Conclusion. At the time of hospitalization, the overwhelming majority of patients had a humoral immune response to the SARS-CoV-2. In the dynamics of observation, the levels of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 proteins increased, to a greater extent to RBD.
Keywords:COVID-19; antibody against SARS-CoV-2 proteins; virus neutralizing antibodies
Funding. The work was carried out within the framework of work on the theme of the State Assignment No. АААА-А20-120081790043-5.
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Contribution. Research concept and design – Ignatiev G.M., Ishmukhametov A.A., Maksimov N.L., Artemov E.K., Lioznov D.A.; collection of material – Aleshenko N.L., Danilenko D.M., Klotchenko S.A.; material processing, statistical data processing, writing the text of the article – Kozlovskaya L.I., Mefed K.M., Volok V.P., Pinyaeva A.N.; editing – Belyaletdinova I.Kh., Erovichenkov A.A.; approval of the final version of the article – Ignatiev G.M., Ishmukhametov A.A.; responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article – Kozlovskaya L.I., Ignatiev G.M.
For citation: Ignatyev G.M., Kozlovskaya L.I., Mefed K.M., Volok V.P., Belyaletdinova I.Kh., Erovichenkov A.A., Danilenko D.M., Ale- shenko N.L., Klotchenko S.A., Maksimov N.L., Аrtemov Е.К., Piniaeva A.N., Lioznov D.A., Ishmukhametov A.A. Determination of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with coronavirus infection. Infektsionnye bolezni: novosti, mneniya, obuchenie [Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training]. 2022; 11 (1): 21–7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33029/2305-3496-2022-11-1-21-27
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