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4 . 2021
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West Nile fever on the territory of the Moscow agglomeration

Abstract

In a number of regions of the Russian Federation, there are natural foci of WNV, mainly in the Southern Federal District. In September-October 2021, for the first time in many years of monitoring this infection, cases of WNV were registered in 26 patients in Moscow.

The aim of the study was to analysis of the features of clinical manifestations and early outcomes of West Nile fever, first identified on the territory of the Moscow agglomeration.

Material and methods. 26 patients with WNF were under observation, who were hospitalized in infectious diseases hospitals in Moscow from August-September 2021. The diagnosis of WNV was established on the basis of epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data, was confirmed using the ELISA method to determine antibodies to WNV IgM, as well as the PCR method to detect WNV RNA in blood plasma, cerebrospinal fluid and urine.

Results. The neuroinvasive form was diagnosed in 23 of 26 patients with WNV, the disease proceeded with the development of meningitis (12 patients) and meningoencephalitis (11 patients) and was accompanied by typical clinical manifestations, some of which (encephalopathy, dizziness, nystagmus, tremor and unsteadiness of gait) were frequent and persisted for a long time. In the majority of patients, the disease was moderate, in every fifth patient - in severe, one patient is in a state of atonic coma.

Conclusion. There is a likelihood of further spread of WNV across the region of Moscow and the Moscow region, with the involvement of a large number of the population in the epidemic process. To assess the scale of WNV spread and analyze the epidemiological situation, an organized and constantly functioning epidemiological monitoring is required.

Keywords:West Nile fever, neuroinvasive forms, meningitis, meningoencephalitis, cerebrospinal fluid, West Nile virus RNA

Funding. The study had no sponsor support.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Contribution. The authors contributed equally to this article.

For citation: Klimova E.A., Karetkina G.N., Shakaryan A.K., Sayfullin M.A., Karan L.S., Larichev V.F., Grigoreva Ya.E., Morozkin E.S., Lyapeikova E.A., Abramova E.N., Guseva G.D., Posukhovsky E.A., Ilina M.A., Smirnova T.Yu., Chentsov V.B., Tsvetkova N.A., Antipyat N.A., Bazarova M.V., Krasnova S.V., Smetanina S.V., Yushchuk N.D. West Nile fever on the territory of the Moscow agglomeration. Infektsionnye bolezni: novosti, mneniya, obuchenie [Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training]. 2021; 10 (4): 13-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33029/2305-3496-2021-10-4-13-21 (in Russian)

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CHIEF EDITOR
CHIEF EDITOR
Aleksandr V. Gorelov
Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, MD, Head of Infection Diseases and Epidemiology Department of the Scientific and Educational Institute of Clinical Medicine named after N.A. Semashko ofRussian University of Medicine, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Professor of the Department of Childhood Diseases, Clinical Institute of Children's Health named after N.F. Filatov, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Deputy Director for Research, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Rospotrebnadzor (Moscow, Russian Federation)
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