The current state of the problem of infections caused by herpes viruses 6, 7 with different clinical forms and the possibilities of their treatment

Abstract

The review presents literature data on various clinical forms of the course of infections caused by human herpes viruses of types 6 and 7 (HHV-6 and HHV-7) - active, latent/persistent, chromosomally integrated. In the active stage of infection, viral replication and expression of viral proteins occurs, and the virus during this period can be isolated from blood serum. Latency and/or persistence is characterized by the absence of viral replication, but with the detection of the viral genome in blood cells. The chromosomally integrated form is mainly found in HHV-6 infection and the virus DNA is integrated into the telomeres of human chromosomes, a high viral load in the blood serum of more than 4 lg copies/ml is recorded.

The article presents literature data and the authors' own results on the diagnosis of infections caused by HHV-6 and HHV-7. Methods used to identify the various clinical forms of these infections are listed. In the treatment of infections caused by HHV-6, HHV-7 drugs are used with direct antiviral effects (noncyclic guanosine analogs ganciclovir, valganciclovir, foscarnet, noncyclic nucleoside cidofovir and their combinations) and immunomodulatory therapy (immunotherapy with virus-specific T cells is a new promising and a potentially effective treatment approach for HHV-6 and HHV-7 infections).

Keywords:human herpes viruses 6 and 7 types, forms of infection, diagnostics, treatment

Funding. The work was carried out in accordance with the State Scientific and Technical Enterprise "New Methods of Medical Care" 2016-2020; subprogram "Infections and Biological Safety" No. GR 20163669 dated 14.09.2016. Research project 03.01. "To develop and implement an algorithm for the differential diagnosis of beta-herpesvirus infections and to determine the tactics of treatment depending on the forms of infection".

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Contribution. Developed algorithm for the differential diagnosis of different forms herpesvirus infections in patients, writing the article (introduction, forms of infection, diagnosis) - Orlova S.V.; treatment of patients with different forms of herpesvirus infections, writing an article (abstract, treatment) - Stoma I.O.; differential diagnosis of different forms herpesvirus infections in patients - Shmialiova N.P.; differential diagnosis of different forms herpesvirus infections in patients - Sivets N.V.

For citation: Orlova S.V., Stoma I.O., Shmialiova N.P., Sivets N.V. The current state of the problem of infections caused by herpes viruses 6, 7 with different clinical forms and the possibilities of their treatment. Infektsionnye bolezni: novosti, mneniya, obuchenie [Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training]. 2021; 10 (2): 78-86. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33029/2305-3496-2021-10-1-78-86 (in Russian)

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CHIEF EDITOR
Aleksandr V. Gorelov
Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, MD, Head of Infection Diseases and Epidemiology Department of the Scientific and Educational Institute of Clinical Medicine named after N.A. Semashko ofRussian University of Medicine, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Professor of the Department of Childhood Diseases, Clinical Institute of Children's Health named after N.F. Filatov, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Deputy Director for Research, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Rospotrebnadzor (Moscow, Russian Federation)

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