Opistorchosis in the South Ural natural focus. Clinical and epidemiological observation

Abstract

Opisthorchiasis is the most common natural focal biohelminthiasis in Russia; its incidence is from 0.05 to 305.71 per 100 thousand people in various regions of the country. The most unsuccessful opisthorchiasis territories adjacent to the river basins of the Ob, Irtysh, Tom; including Chelyabinsk, located on the Miass River, which is part of the Ob-Irtysh basin system. In 2019, the Chelyabinsk Region registered an increase in the incidence of opisthorchiasis: only in Chelyabinsk, 235 people were hospitalized with opisthorchiasis, including 145 patients with an acute form of the disease.

The aim - to conduct a clinical and epidemiological analysis of a sharp increase in the incidence of acute opisthorchiasis in Chelyabinsk.

Material and methods. The focus of acute opisthorchiasis was registered in June-August 2019, when 138 people with acute opisthorchiasis were hospitalized in the infectious department of City Clinical Hospital No. 8 of Chelyabinsk. A common factor of invasion transmission is established - consumption of Leuciscus idus purchased in enterprises of trade in Chelyabinsk. Diagnosis confirmed by detection of antibodies in IFA and coproovoscopically.

Results. The clinical picture of acute opisthorchiasis was characterized by polymorphism. In 15% of patients, the initial period of opisthorchiasis was considered as a disease of surgical, therapeutic or other profile. In the clinical observations, it is noted that the debut of opisthorchiasis was hidden under the mask of non-infectious diseases with damage of gastrointestinal tract and hepatobiliary system.

Conclusion. Clinical observations should draw the attention of doctors to the expediency of examination of patients with gastrointestinal tract and hepatobiliary system lesions, especially if these lesions developed with pronounced intoxication syndrome. Thus epidemiological history allows to significantly reduce the time of diagnostic search, timely administration of etiotropic therapy and prevent the formation of a chronic form of opisthorchiasis.

Keywords:opisthorchiasis, clinical picture, diagnostics

Funding. The study had no sponsor support.

Conflict of interests. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Contribution. Research concept and design - Ter-Bagdasaryan L.V., Ratnikova L.I.; statistical processing and text writing - Ter-Bagdasaryan L.V.; the collection and processing of the material - Ter-Bagdasaryan L.V., Bespalova M.K.; editing - Ratnikova L.I.

For citation: Ratnikova L.I., Ter-Bagdasaryan L.V., Bespalova M.K. Opistorchosis in the South Ural natural focus. Clinical and epidemiological observation. Infektsionnye bolezni: novosti, mneniya, obuchenie [Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training]. 2021; 10 (1): 52-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33029/2305-3496-2021-10-1-52-59 (in Russian)

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CHIEF EDITOR
Aleksandr V. Gorelov
Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, MD, Head of Infection Diseases and Epidemiology Department of the Scientific and Educational Institute of Clinical Medicine named after N.A. Semashko ofRussian University of Medicine, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Professor of the Department of Childhood Diseases, Clinical Institute of Children's Health named after N.F. Filatov, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Deputy Director for Research, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Rospotrebnadzor (Moscow, Russian Federation)

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