Features of mortality from respiratory diseases of the population in the ecological zones of rural areas of the Republic of Dagestan in older age groups

Abstract

Information on the characteristics and trends of mortality from respiratory diseases (RD) of the rural population of older age groups in the context of the ecological zonation of residence presented.

The aim of this work is to analyze mortality from RD, taking into account the age-sex characteristics in the context of the climatic-geographical zonality of the population of the Republic of Dagestan.

Material and methods. The study based on the police mortality register of the Republican Medical Information and Analytical Center of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Dagestan for the period from 2009 to 2019.

The development included 15 847 cases of death from AML in the Republic of Dagestan among the elderly and senile population (60 years and older). Of the total number of deaths (15 847) from RD, rural residents made up the overwhelming majority - 13 094 (82.6%) people. The proportion of the male population was 6170 (47.1%) people, women - 6924 (52.9%). In the calculations, we used the age-specific population obtained in Dagestanstat. Intensive indicators (II) of mortality from RD were calculated in urban and rural areas in the context of 3 climatic-geographical zones (plain, pre-mountain and mountainous zones) of the Republic of Dagestan annually, as well as average annual indicators for the periods from 2009 to 2013, from 2014 to 2019, from 2009 to 2019. For average annual individual entrepreneurs for 2009-2019 calculated 95% confidence intervals (CI 95%) through the angular transformation of indicators according to Fisher. CIs used to assess the significance of the difference in mean long-term II for different ecological zones.

Results. The maximum average annual (2009-2019) mortality rate in rural areas in Republic of Dagestan was noted at the age of 70 years and older - 1336.6 cases per 100 thousand population (CI 95% 1261.3-1414.1). In cities, a similar indicator is statistically significantly inferior, 3 times less - 440.5 (CI 95% 383.2-501.7). The average annual mortality rate at the age of 60-69 in the entire rural area was 209.4 (CI 95% 177.2-244.3), which is 6.4 times less in comparison with the age group - 70 years and older (p<0.05).

When analyzing along the east-west axis, the highest average annual II of mortality at the age of 70 years and older was observed in the mountainous zone - 1459.2 (CI 95% 1342.1-1581.2) cases per 100 thousand population. The indicators for the plain and foothill zones, respectively, were: 1159.2 (CI 95% 1040.1-1284.6) and 1362.8 (CI 95% 1201.7-1533.9). The difference in indicators for mountainous and lowland zones is statistically significant (p<0.05). At the age of 60-64 years old and 60-69 years old, the maximum indicator was noted in the flat zone, and at the age of 65-69 years - in the mountainous zone.

On the north-south axis, the highest average annual mortality rate at the age of 70 years and older found in the south of the republic - 1527.4 (CI 95% 1391.0-1670.1). A similar indicator in the north of the republic is 1.23 times less, amounting to 1237.5 (CI 95% 1148.5-1329.8) cases per 100 thousand population.

Conclusion. The mortality rates from RD in the rural population of both sexes are statistically significantly higher than in urban areas. They increase with age, reaching a maximum of 70 years and older. Average long-term mortality rates in the south of the republic prevail over similar indicators in the north. There is a statistically significant prognostic trend towards a decrease in II mortality from RD in the age group 60-69 years.

Keywords:mortality, respiratory diseases, climatic-geographical zones of population

Funding. The study did not have sponsorship.

Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

For citation: Untilov G.V., Askhabova L.M., Alieva-Kharkharova K.M., Gadzhieva L.A. Features of mortality from respiratory diseases of the population in the ecological zones of rural areas of the Republic of Dagestan in older age groups. Infektsionnye bolezni: novosti, mneniya, obuchenie [Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training]. 2021; 10 (1): 29-38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33029/2305-3496-2021-10-1-29-38 (in Russian)

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CHIEF EDITOR
Aleksandr V. Gorelov
Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, MD, Head of Infection Diseases and Epidemiology Department of the Scientific and Educational Institute of Clinical Medicine named after N.A. Semashko ofRussian University of Medicine, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Professor of the Department of Childhood Diseases, Clinical Institute of Children's Health named after N.F. Filatov, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Deputy Director for Research, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Rospotrebnadzor (Moscow, Russian Federation)

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