Epidemiological features of the spread of HIV infection in the territory of the Saratov region for 2012–2022
AbstractThe epidemic situation in the Saratov region continues to be tense.
The aim of the study is to assess the dynamics of the epidemic process of HIV infection over a ten-year period (2012–2022).
Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of the official reporting forms for the registration of HIV cases for the period from 2012 to 2022 was carried out.
Statistical processing was carried out using the Excel program and the online service math.semestr.ru. The rate of increase in the incidence rate was calculated. The correlation analysis was carried out according to Spearman. The differences were considered statistically significant at p<0.05.
Results and discussion. During the period from 2012 to 2019, a trend in the incidence of HIV infection was revealed, however, since 2019, this indicator in the region has been decreasing by an average of 1.2 times annually. An increase in the rate of HIV infection was noted, in 2022 – 575.23 per 100 000 population. The dynamics of the mortality rate varied from 7.8 to 18.7 per 100 000 population in the period 2012–2019, followed by a decrease to 12.3 per 100 000 population in 2022. During the analyzed period, men prevailed among HIV-infected people (60.4%). Among the identified cases, 59.93% were infected during heterosexual contacts, 37.73% – with intravenous administration of psychoactive substances, 1.28% – with homosexual contacts and 0.94% – perinatal. In the age structure of HIV-infected people, there is a decrease in the proportion of young people and an increase in the proportion of older age groups.
Conclusion. An increase in the coverage of HIV infected people with antiretroviral therapy has led to a decrease in the increase in the detection of new cases of HIV infection and a decrease in the mortality rate. The revealed trends in the course of the epidemic process of HIV infection make it possible to predict further stabilization of the epidemic situation.
Keywords: HIV infection; morbidity; prevalence; mortality; Saratov region; antiretroviral therapy
Funding. The study had no sponsorship.
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Contribution. Definition of the concept and formulation of research tasks – Danilov A.N.; data analysis and processing – Abramyan T.L.; analysis and generalization of literature data – Baymagambetova D.T.; writing the text of the article – Abramyan T.L., Philippova N.A.
For citation: Danilov A.N., Abramyan T.L., Philippova N.A., Baymagambetova D.T. Epidemiological features of the spread of HIV infection in the territory of the Saratov region for 2012–2022. Infektsionnye bolezni: novosti, mneniya, obuchenie [Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training]. 2024; 13 (2): 13–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33029/2305-3496-2024-13-2-13-18 (in Russian)
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