Clinical and laboratory aspects of Crimean hemorrhagic fever caused by Congo virus

• Lelya P. Сherenova
• Adelya R. Bogdalova
• Igor V. Cherenov
• Marina M. Khok

Abstract

The results of a clinical retrospective descriptive study of cases of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in the Astrakhan region for the period 2006–2023 are presented.

The aim was to evaluate clinical and laboratory parameters in severe Crimean hemorrhagic fever.

Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of 32 case histories of patients with severe Crimean hemorrhagic fever caused by the Congo virus who were on inpatient treatment was conducted at the Regional Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital named after A.M. Nichoga in Astrakhan. In the selected group of patients, 65.6% were men, the proportion of young and middle-aged patients was 56.3%. An analysis of blood parameters, coagulograms and the results of a biochemical blood test was carried out. Statistical processing of the results included the calculation of the arithmetic mean (M), the standard error of the arithmetic mean (m).

Results and discussion. The clinical picture of the severe course of hemorrhagic fever caused by the Congo virus was characterized by pronounced symptoms of intoxication, fever, muscle and joint pain, hemorrhagic syndrome, in some cases oliguria, jaundice, vomiting and diarrhea. Hemorrhagic rash and abdominal bleeding were observed in patients. In severe hemorrhagic fever caused by the Congo virus, life-threatening complications developed: in 6.25% of cases, pneumonia with respiratory failure, in 9.4% – infectious toxic shock, in 28.1% – disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome. Toxic encephalopathy was detected in 34.4% of cases; multiple organ failure in 4.8% of patients with fatal outcome.

Conclusion. The severe form of hemorrhagic fever caused by the Congo virus is characterized by leukopenia and thrombocytopenia.

Keywords:Crimean hemorrhagic fever caused by the Congo virus; severe form; clinical symptoms; leukopenia; thrombocytopenia; hemorrhagic syndrome

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