Analysis of cytokine levels depending on the course of COVID-19
AbstractThe aim – to evaluate the indicators of inteleikin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha for the prognosis of COVID-19.
Material and methods. A single-center clinical trial was conducted at the hospital in Nukus (Republic of Uzbekistan) in 2022. 45 patients of both sexes aged 41 to 83 years with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were included by a continuous selection method.
Two groups were formed: with a moderate-severe (25 people – group 1) and severe (20 people – group 2) course of the disease. We carried the analysis of the clinical picture and laboratory data, including the evaluation of indicators of proinflammatory cytokines – interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α).
Results and discussion. The average index (M±m) of IL-6 was 10.4±1.76 pg/ml (with reference values up to 7 pg/ml) in patients with moderate to severe course and 39.9±5.39 pg/ml (p<0.05) – in the group with severe course. The average TNF-α values also significantly differed: 8.9±0.76 pg/ml (with reference values up to 8.1 pg/ml) – in group 1, and 17.3±1.63 pg/ml (p<0.05) – in group 2.
In hospitalized patients with moderate and severe forms of COVID-19 with the spread of the omicron variant, increased values of IL-6 and TNF-α were detected in 62% of cases, an isolated increase in TNF-α was noted in 13% of cases, and an isolated increase in IL-6 was also noted in 13% of cases.
Conclusion. The severe course of COVID-19 is accompanied by significantly higher values of IL-6 and TNF-α. To determine the tactics of therapy and prognosis of the course of the infectious process of COVID-19, it is recommended to take into account the values of IL-6 and TNF-α indicators.
Keywords:COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; interleukin-6; Omicron; tumor necrosis factor alpha; cytokine storm
Funding. The study had no sponsor support.
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Contribution. Concept and design of the study – Akhmedova M.J.; selection of patients for the study and evaluation of results – Janibekov J.J.; formation of groups and analysis of laboratory data – Maksudova M.Kh.; implementation of laboratory diagnostics and writing the text – Ismailova A.A.; assessment of representativeness and statistical processing of results – Anvarov J.A.; interpretation of data and editing – Ruzhentsova T.A.
For citation: Akhmedova M.J., Ruzhentsova T.A., Janibekov J.J., Ismailova A.A., Maksudova М.Kh., Anvarov J.A. Analysis of cytokine levels depending on the course of COVID-19. Infektsionnye bolezni: novosti, mneniya, obuchenie [Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training]. 2024; 13 (1): 15–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33029/2305-3496-2024-13-1-15-19 (in Russian)
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