Ways to improve the mastering of laboratory tularemia diagnostics at vocational training courses

Abstract

During the training courses for the specialists of diverse expertise (bacteriologists, geneticist, immunologists, epidemiologists etc.) participating in diagnostic and experimental investigations using material suspected of contamination or contaminated with bacteria of the I—II groups of pathogenicity, virulent Franciseiia tuiarensis strains are conventionally utilized. However, the main direction of the national policy in the sphere of biological safety provision in the Russian Federation is the exclusion of or maximum decrease in the use of pathogenic microorganisms in technological processes. Taking into consideration the stated approach, the priority task was to conduct research on the replacement of virulent strains of tularemia microbe with vaccine ones, attenuated or with lower virulence.

The aim of the study - development of criteria for the selection of F. tuiarensis strains as academic, training ones, principle of building-up and application of the strain panel for mastering laboratory diagnostics of tularemia.

Material and methods. Legislative instruments and bylaws; normative-methodological documents (methodological regulations, sanitary rules) and scientific publications in the field of laboratory diagnostics of tularemia and biosafety provision for work with pathogenic biological agents (PBA); open access scientific-technical information sources; programs for vocational education (professional retraining and continuing education) of specialists to handle the agents of particularly dangerous infections (PDI) and capacity building served as the framework of the study. The method utilized is an analytical one.

Results and discussion. Criteria for the selection of tularemia agent strains for mastering methods of laboratory diagnostics as part of educational module "Microbiology and laboratory diagnosis of tularemia" were identified; differentiated approach to their application aimed at reducing the probability of laboratory-acquired infection of the trainees was established.

Conclusion. Substantiated is the necessity to define the teaching F. tuiarensis strains to be included into the panel. Developed are the criteria for the selection of the candidate strains - strains with lowered virulence, vaccine and attenuated strains, which allow for the decrease in the probability of laboratory infection of trainees while mastering methods of laboratory diagnostics of tularemia.

Keywords:Franciseiia tuiarensis, biological safety, training of specialists, academic, training strains

Funding. The authors state the absence of any financial support for manuscript preparation.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of financial/non-financial interests associated with preparation of the manuscript.

Contribution. Concept and design of the study is created - Sazanova E.V., Popov Yu.A.; collection and processing of the data -Sazanova E.V.; writing of the manuscript - Sazanova E.V., Osina N.A.; and editing of the paper - Gorel'nikova E.A.

For citation: Sazanova E.V., Osina N.A., Gorel'nikova E.A., Popov Yu.A. Ways to improve the mastering of laboratory tularemia diagnostics at vocational training courses. Infektsionnye bolezni: novosti, mneniya, obuchenie [Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training]. 2020; 9 (3): 133-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33029/2305-3496-2020-9-3-133-138 (in Russian)

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CHIEF EDITOR
Aleksandr V. Gorelov
Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, MD, Head of Infection Diseases and Epidemiology Department of the Scientific and Educational Institute of Clinical Medicine named after N.A. Semashko ofRussian University of Medicine, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Professor of the Department of Childhood Diseases, Clinical Institute of Children's Health named after N.F. Filatov, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Deputy Director for Research, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Rospotrebnadzor (Moscow, Russian Federation)

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